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Word building – (словообразование)

The (0) Californian (CALIFORNIA) people we see on television are (1) usually (USUAL) tall, blond and slim. But California is an (2) international (NATION) place and many (3) different (differ) kinds of people live here. Lots of people are from (4) Japanese (JAPAN) and (5) European (EUROPE) families. California is the place to find (6) sunny (SUN) beaches and film stars. The most (7) famous (FAME) beach in California is Venice Beach. It’s a lively place.
Many (8) tourists (TOUR) visit Rodeo Drive (a place for shopping), but they don’t want to buy clothes – they want to see American actors, actresses and film-makers. They live in big houses and go to (9) glamorous (GLAMOUR) parties and film and film premieres.
And California is the (10) original (ORIGIN) home of the hippies. There is a special hippie part of town where you can buy clothes and music from the 1960s.

You are going to read a magazine article about urban fashion. For question 1 - 5, choose the correct answer A, B or C. Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

Urban Fashion

There was a time when urban fashion didn’t exist. Fashion meant expensive designer outfits that only the very rich could afford. Think Paris catwalks, Vogue magazine and very uncomfortable shoes. And it was all about women. Even though the outfits were normally designed by men, there was very little interest in menswear. The outfits were very feminine, very expensive and impractical for anything other than walking in a straight line.
All of this has changed. Young people no longer dress like their parents. They wear comfortable, practical and affordable clothes which have probably been designed by somebody young: urban fashion has taken over the world. It began, perhaps, with the hippies of the 1960s who rejected mainstream society’s values and dress codes with their long hair and scruffy image. Next came the punks of the 1970s who went one step further with the shocking, scary outfits which offended ordinary people. Even today, if you go to London’s Camden Town at the weekend, there will be plenty of people with lots of tattoos, piercing and chains hanging out of their trousers. This punk-influenced style is all about looking different from everybody else – but exactly the same as your friends. Certainly, by the 90s, high street shops like Gap quickly followed trends from the streets, and designers like Stella McCartney began to sell street-influenced clothes such as ripped t-shirts for huge amounts of money.
Music has always played a part in urban fashion. Nu-metal fans, for example, as well as wearing Marilyn Manson t-shirts, tend to look different from people who like chart music, and many of today’s pop stars get their ideas from people on the street rather than the other way round.
In California, surfers needed comfortable clothing to wear on the beach, and the surf look spread throughout America via companies such as Quiksilver, Stussy. O’Neill and similar companies who originally produced clothes for sports. But the boom in extreme sports such as skateboarding and snowboarding has influenced urban fashion. Baggy jeans are better if you are wearing inline skates, for example, and hoodies (large comfortable sweatshirts) are influenced by practical snowboarding outfits. Of course there are plenty of people happy to wear the latest sporty urban fashion who never do any sport at all, just as most people who wear trainers rarely go near a sport center.

1. What does this in line 6 refer to?

A         feminine outfits
B         walking in a straight line
C         attitude towards fashion

2. Why don’t young people dress like their parents?

A         They want to offend others with their image.
B         They prefer to differentiate themselves from the elders.
C         They don’t have enough money to buy certain clothes.

3. How did urban fashion influence the fashion world?

A         Fashion world rejected offensive urban fashion.
B         Fashion designers began to use the ideas of street fashion in their collections.
C         The elder generation prefers street-influenced clothes now.

4. According to the article

A         nu-metal Merylin Manson t-shirts offend ordinary people
B         music fans choose clothes similar to their favourite music stars’ outfits
C         you can see the difference between the appearances of a pop music fan and a metal music fan

5. What are the relations between sports activities and urban fashion?

A         Urban fashion made sport activities attractive to people.
B         Sports wear becomes popular with a lot of people.
C         Companies that produced clothes for surfing produce extreme sports outfits now.

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